Introduction (Relevance). The organization of first aid training for employees of industrial enterprises is one of the key measures for ensuring occupational safety and reducing workplace injuries. In recent years, this area has undergone significant regulatory changes, including the introduction of updated requirements for training programs. However, the implementation of these changes has been accompanied by a number of methodological and organizational challenges that require systematic analysis and a structured approach to resolution. Objective. To examine the current regulatory and methodological framework for first aid training in the context of labor protection, in light of recent legal changes, and to develop practical recommendations for its improvement. Materials and Methods. The study included a normative analysis of 47 sources, including legislative and regulatory acts, methodological guidelines, peer-reviewed journal publications, and official letters from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. Thirteen of the most relevant sources were selected for in-depth content analysis. Additionally, data from an author-conducted sociological survey of 207 specialists involved in first aid training within occupational safety systems were included. The methodology employed regulatory-comparative, content, and problem-oriented analysis approaches. Results. Gaps were identified in the legal framework regarding training duration, practical skills requirements, and the specification of technical equipment. Most survey respondents reported a shortage of up-to-date training materials, low learner motivation, and the absence of a unified educational and methodological complex for first aid within occupational safety. Recommendations include extending the training duration to 16 hours, legally defining the minimum equipment list, developing a specialized training complex, and providing financial compensation to employers for training costs through insurance contributions. Discussion. The study analyzed legal foundations and implementation challenges related to new first aid training requirements. The authors justify the need to update Appendix No. 2 to the Rules on Occupational Safety Training and adapt the existing educational complex to the specific context of labor protection. Potential risks of the current system and arguments in favor of standardization are presented. Conclusion. A comprehensive approach to first aid training in the field of labor protection requires systemic legal and methodological solutions. Implementation of the authors’ recommendations will enhance the quality, consistency, and regulatory compliance of training programs, directly contributing to improved safety among industrial enterprise workers.