Relevance. In the modern healthcare development environment, high‑technology equipment plays a key role in ensuring the quality of medical care for the population. Despite significant investments in the acquisition of high‑technology equipment, its use in medical organizations faces serious challenges: insufficient funding, low availability and quality of maintenance, inefficient management and control, lack of unified standards and evaluation criteria. According to research data, the volume of the medical equipment market in Russia in 2024 amounted to 850 billion rubles, with the share of domestic medical devices reaching 29%. The relevance of developing scientifically based criteria is determined by the need to increase the efficiency of the use of expensive medical equipment and to improve the quality of medical care for the population. Оbjective. To develop scientifically based criteria for assessing the use of high-technology equipment in medical organizations to increase the efficiency of its application and improve the quality of medical care for the population. Materials and methods The study analyzed data from Federal Statistical Observation Form No. 30 “Information on Medical Organizations” in the Russian Federation for 2019–2023. Statistical and analytical methods, system analysis methods, expert assessments, and mathematical modeling were used. The methodological basis of the study was the principles of evidence-based medicine, clinical-economic analysis, and a systems approach to evaluating medical technologies. Results and discussion. A comprehensive system of scientifically based criteria for assessing the effectiveness of equipping medical organizations with high-technology equipment was developed, including five main groups: technical criteria (compliance with modern requirements, service life, failure frequency, quality of service maintenance), economic criteria (cost of examination, maintenance costs, payback, financial resource utilization efficiency), clinical criteria (diagnostic accuracy, impact on treatment outcomes, patient satisfaction, procedure safety), organizational criteria (equipment workload, patient accessibility, waiting time, integration into the treatment process), and personnel criteria (staffing levels, specialist qualifications, training system). Conclusions. The developed scientifically based criteria enable a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of equipping medical organizations with high-technology equipment, identification of problems and reserves, and planning of measures to optimize the use of healthcare resources. The criteria system possesses scientific validity, practical applicability, and adaptability to various types of medical equipment.