Relevance. A decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality rates leads to a deterioration in the demographic situation in the Russian Federation (RF) and in the Orenburg Region. However, mortality, which is not related to diseases, but is caused by various external influences, refers to external causes. In the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health-related Problems, tenth revision (ICD-10) (adopted by the Russian Ministry of Health in 1997), external causes are classified into classes XIX "Injuries, poisoning and some other effects of exposure to external causes" and XX "External causes of morbidity and mortality". The indicators of violent mortality include poisoning, homicides and suicides, mechanical injuries, burns; all these indicators significantly distinguish violent mortality from disease-related mortality. The purpose of this study to analyze mortality from external causes in the Orenburg region for the period from 2015 to 2023. Materials and methods: The study used descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of extensive and intensive statistical data on violent deaths in the Orenburg region from 2015 to 2023 based on reporting forms No. 42 "Report of a forensic medical expert" by the Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination for the Orenburg region. Results: According to the Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, the violent mortality rate in the Orenburg region decreased by more than 1.4 times, during the study period. Furthermore, based on the findings of both the indicators of violent mortality, the leading place is occupied by mechanical injury causes (38.1%), mechanical asphyxia occupies the second place (23.1%), poisoning occupies the third place (19.8%) and death from extreme temperatures occupies the fourth place (8.4%). There is a positive dynamics, characterized by a decrease in the death rate from all external causes in the period from 2015 to 2023 Conclusion: Reducing mortality and increasing life expectancy are one of the priorities of state policy, so reducing mortality from external causes is a reserve that must be used in developing programs to preserve the population of the Russian Federation. Considering the structure of mortality from external causes, it is necessary to use the potential not only of healthcare, but also of all structures of executive authorities, since violent mortality is controlled and preventable.