Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) remain major preventable causes of congenital anomalies, cognitive, and behavioral impairments. The aim of this study was to identify promising approaches to preventing FAS and alcohol use during pregnancy in order to inform the development of effective prevention measures in the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. An analytical review was conducted of international and Russian empirical studies, systematic reviews, and policy and programmatic documents on FAS prevention. Literature searches were performed in major scientific databases and on websites of national and intergovernmental organizations. Eligible sources included studies and reports evaluating interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among pregnant women and women of reproductive age. Due to substantial heterogeneity of sources, a structured narrative synthesis was applied, with interventions categorized according to their level of implementation. Results and Discussion. Effective measures identified in the literature include brief physician counseling, motivational interviewing, digital education modules, and mass information campaigns. Comprehensive interventions in Canada and Australia have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing alcohol use during pregnancy, increasing awareness, and producing measurable economic benefits for the healthcare system. The Russian practice includes screening and basic informational measures but there is potential for implementing additional effective measures capable of reducing the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. The review highlights the need to introduce graphic warnings on alcohol packaging, expand counseling programs within primary healthcare, and strengthen professional training for medical personnel. Conclusion. Effective FAS prevention requires an integrated approach combining educational, regulatory, and intersectoral measures targeting women of reproductive age, healthcare providers, and the general population. Given the absence of medical treatment, primary prevention—particularly within primary healthcare and communication strategies—plays a decisive role in fostering a culture of complete abstinence from alcohol during pregnancy.