Relevance. The incidence of endocrine system diseases, nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders is of great relevance at the present stage. Progression of diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, obesity leads to the development of various health complications, leading to disability, reduced quality of life, but at the same time the development of these diseases can be prevented, and early detection will reduce the development of complications and improve the prognosis of the disease. Objective of the study. Study the incidence of endocrine system diseases, nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, obesity) among the adult population in the country as a whole and in the federal districts for the last six years. Materials and Methods. The study was based on data from the federal statistical observation Form No. 12 (FSN-12) for 2018-2023, provided by Rosstat and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, with details on nosologies in accordance with ICD-10. Additionally, the reports of the Central Research Institute of Endocrine Diseases on the dynamics of endocrine diseases in Russia were analyzed. Scientific publications from international databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus) and Russian scientific resources were used for a comprehensive analysis (eLibrary.ru ), selected for the period 2015-2024 for key queries related to the epidemiology of endocrine diseases. The methodological framework included statistical analysis of data in Excel with descriptive and regression analysis to identify correlations. Scientific publications were systematized taking into account the principles of evidence-based medicine, including an assessment of regional differences and time trends. The reliability of the data was ensured by cross-checking with EMIAS and regional registers, as well as avoiding duplication. Current clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and international WHO reports have been taken into account. Results of the study. In the dynamics for 2018-2023 in the Russian Federation there is an increase in the total and primary morbidity of the adult population with diseases of the endocrine system, eating disorders and metabolic disorders (by 16.6% and 8.7%). In the structure of total and primary morbidity among adults with endocrine system diseases, nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders in the Russian Federation in 2023, the first place was occupied by diabetes mellitus (44.3% and 27.4%, respectively; the second place - thyroid diseases (26.2% and 23.5%, respectively); the third place - obesity (14.8% and 18.4%, respectively), the share of which was 85.3% and 69.3% of all registered and primary cases of this class of diseases. The positive rate of increase in both the total and primary incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is noteworthy (+15.7 per cent and +18.5 per cent, respectively). The following pattern is observed with regard to thyroid and obesity morbidity: positive growth rate of total adult morbidity with thyroid and obesity (+6.0% and +19.3%, respectively) and negative growth rate of primary adult morbidity with thyroid and obesity (-4.8% and -10.9%). Conclusion. The growth of general and primary morbidity of adult population by diseases of endocrine system, nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders for the last six years testifies indicates the need to improve methods of preventing diabetes and obesity at the primary health care level. Prevention should be one of the fundamental principles of improving our society. Introduce mass prevention of iodine deficiency (salt iodination).