The demographic situation in the Arctic zone of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is characterized by a high mortality rate from external causes, exceeding the regional average over a number of years. Without positive changes in the situation, the problem remains topical. The purpose of the research was to make a comparative analysis of the mortality rate from external causes in the regions lying entirely in the Russian Arctic in the period 2020–2023. Materials and Methods. A retrospective survey of the 2020–2023 data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) was done using the sampling method, as well as the methods of mathematic and comparative analyses. Results and Discussion. It was established that, against the background of relatively low overall mortality rates, the high level of losses from external causes and its increasing trend is a common problem for the studied regions, situated fully in the Russian Arctic. A level lower than the Russian average was observed only in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, but it is also increasing. During the period 2020–2023, increased mortality rates from injuries and poisoning was observed in all the studied regions, with the highest rate noted in the Nenets (45.7%) and Yamalo-Nenets (25.4%) Autonomous Okrugs. The share of external causes in the structure of total mortality in 2021–2023 also manifested an upward trend: in the Arctic zone of Yakutia, the increase was between 15.4% and 24.5%; in Murmansk Oblast – between 6.1% and 8.9%; in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug – between 9.2% and 19.2%; in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug – between 21.5% and 26.9%; in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug – between 14.1% and 19.7%. When comparing the mortality rates from circulatory system diseases (CSD) and neoplasms, a different situation was revealed. A distinctive feature was decreased mortality rates from CSD in all the compared regions, most significantly in the Arctic zone of Yakutia – by 25.1%; the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug – by 12.6%; and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug – by 11.0%. The dynamics of mortality rates from neoplasms had an ambiguous wave-like nature. According to the results of 2023, compared to 2020, decreased rates were noted in the Arctic zone of Yakutia (by 9.8%) and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (by 7.6%); while in Murmansk Oblast, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the rates increased between 8.0% and 12.4%. Conclusion. The authors conclude that the population decline due to high mortality rates from external causes, along with the migration outflow, constitutes a serious obstacle to the socio-economic and demographic development of the Russian Arctic.