Introduction. The development of mentoring in medical organisations is a necessary vector of development of the modern health care system. A highly organised mentoring system will provide training of highly qualified specialists who are able to work effectively in the conditions of real medical practice. Aim: To study the work of the mentoring system in the hospitals of Ekaterinburg city, to analyse the awareness of students who have concluded target contracts with medical institutions about the mentoring system. Materials and Methods. 108 people took part in the study of the mentoring system in Yekaterinburg hospitals. The method of group questionnaire survey was used. A questionnaire for a mentor and a young specialist-physician was developed. 4 large hospitals of Yekaterinburg therapeutic and paediatric profile participated in the questionnaire survey. 114 students at Ural State Medical University studying at the 4th, 5th, 6th courses of the therapeutic and preventive and paediatric faculties took part in the student questionnaire. Results. When assessing the reasons for mentors' motivation, 80.8% of respondents aimed to improve the overall quality of medical care in medical organisations. At the same time, preceptors who received additional payment were more motivated to improve the quality of medical care than preceptors who did not receive payment (Chi-square test 9.221; p=0.003). Discussion. The absence of a systematic approach is one of the main problems of the mentoring system, which reduces the effectiveness of its implementation. The development of standard algorithms by a medical organisation based on clinical recommendations and specifics of the hospital's profile, an individual plan for the mentee, and supervision of the mentor's work by the head of the department can contribute to the systematisation of mentor training. Conclusion. The existing problems in the implementation of mentoring programmes dictate the need for appropriate training of future mentors, development of standardised mentoring programmes and increasing the motivation of specialists to train their young colleagues.