Introduction. Issues of oncopathology, including in the context of kidney cancer (RP), are still in the trend of morbidity and mortality. In this regard, new approaches to its study and diagnosis are of great importance. The purpose of the study: to study patients with RP of various age groups using new pathomorphological diagnostic tests (immunohistochemical examination of proteases in mast cells). Materials and methods. Using standard clinical and pathomorphological methods, 171 cases of RP were studied in people with stage 1-4 disease in various age groups. 20 patients were identified for immunological examination (5 people made up the control group) to study tryptase in mast cells (TC). The sections were examined using a ZEISS Axio Imager.A2 microscope. The resulting image was processed using the ZEN 2.3 program (Carl Zeiss, Germany). Results. During the morphogenesis of RP, there is an increase in the number of both CD68+ and, to an even greater extent, CD163+ cells, which decreases slightly with increasing age. Their cytoplasm looked more extensive and vacuolized. In some cases, these cells created groups that occupied certain territories. The high frequency of CD163+ cells adhering to the vascular bed was also maintained. In addition, they were located next to atypical kidney cells. Discussions. The data obtained indicates a high expression of CD68+ CD163+ cells in the tumor microenvironment during its development. In old age, there is a significant decrease in the content of proteases in TC. Conclusion. The obtained approaches can be applied in research and diagnosis in oncological pathology, including in case of cancer.